The world uses a variety of different sources of energy. Fossil-based fuels such as natural gas, oil and coal–accounted to more than 81 % of all energy consumed in the year 2018. Renewable energy sources such as wind power, solar energy biomass, hydroelectricity, and wind power are responsible for 14 percent. Nuclear energy contributes another 5 percent. Different countries have different sources of energy to meet environmental and economic requirements.

Nature provides energy in many forms like sun, wind waves and ocean. These primary sources can be transformed into more practical forms of energy, like heat or electricity, when they are harnessed. When those energies are exhausted, they turn into non-renewable energy sources.

The environment is damaged by many fossil fuels, and also other energy sources that aren’t renewable. Mining oil, for instance is a destructive process that can destroy the forest ecosystems of the planet. Fracking (hydraulic fracture) could cause water pollution and earthquakes. The burning of coal releases carbon dioxide, contributing to global warming.

Fortunately, many of the most promising sources of energy are renewable and sustainable. Hydropower, solar power and wind for instance, are able to produce electricity without having to search for new resources.

Tidal and Wave Power are also renewable energy sources that are emerging. However, in order to be used on a large scale these technologies require effective distribution networks. These must be built using a source of non-renewable energy. These sources aren’t able to satisfy the majority of our energy needs. However, it’s important to keep in mind that costs for renewable energy-related equipment have fallen dramatically over the past few years, and efficiency is growing quickly.

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